Skip to content
Silicon Wok Hawker Heritage
Menu
Contents

G.4The Funding Ledgers

Every line of every pilot centre's ledger, every year from 0 to 20, and what pays for it. At the three pilot centres Years 0–3 cost $19,683,808, and the corpus (the endowment's invested capital) ends Year 20 at 121% of its $40M target in today's dollars, keeping its real value (value after inflation) in 71% of 5,000 futures.

Each ledger is the funding model's result for one centre, before the 10% reserve for unforeseen costs (the contingency). It is shown in the two parts the Budget Book uses: A, the running cost a centre adds, and B, the programme money that reaches hawkers, after subtracting any income the programme earns. From Year 4 each centre runs at a steady maintenance level, in Year 3 prices, rising each year with prices as in the central plan. All figures are Derived from the Assumption rates in G.1, Inputs and Sources; stall counts are Official. The long file holds every centre, every line and every year, the typical further centre included. g4-ledgers.csv

G.4.1The national core

G.4 The Funding Ledgers: table 1
National operating lineYear 0Year 1Year 2Year 3Years 0–3
Core team, with the first Lighthouse's own roles–$429,000$532,000$682,000$1,643,000
Interim project lead and research assistants$168,000–––$168,000
Office, legal, audit and insurance; communications and events; the independent evaluator$114,000$135,000$150,000$180,000$579,000
Hawker Council fees and elections; directors' stall-visit vouchers$17,000$22,200$34,200$22,200$95,600
Shared national platforms: the Taste Council and feedback platform, the digital repository–$145,000$90,000$115,000$350,000
Buying Circles (§2.12): partnerships role, part-time, 0.5 FTE (ASSUMPTION)–$39,000$39,000$39,000$117,000
Buying Circles (§2.12): open price board on the Plate Ledger's data, and group-order templates (ASSUMPTION)–$10,000$4,000$4,000$18,000
Pilot-centre coordinator, in the core team (ASSUMPTION)–$78,000$78,000$78,000$234,000
Regulars' List (§3.6): coordinator, 1 FTE (ASSUMPTION)–$78,000$78,000$78,000$234,000
Regulars' List (§3.6): for each new listing, the listing visit ($10 travel, no stipend), the decal at print cost, the Registry page and the thank-you notes; a new decal for each stall that moves up a tier (ASSUMPTION)–$12,000$12,150$8,300$32,450
Regulars' List (§3.6): each centre's yearly booklet and map, at all 123 government centres (ASSUMPTION)–$36,750$32,750$32,750$102,250
Regulars' List (§3.6): the place on the open price board and in the Buying Circles' order book, the increment only (ASSUMPTION)–$6,000$2,000$2,000$10,000
A, the core, with the 10% contingency$328,900$1,090,045$1,157,310$1,365,375$3,941,630

G.4.2The four stacks

How each year's net requirement (what the plan must raise that year, after its own income) is met at two, three, four and five pilot centres. In Year 0 the gifts for spending and the foundation grants pay for everything. In Years 1–3 four sources pay: the yearly draw from the fund, the Government's operating match (the Government's yearly grant towards running costs), the gifts for spending and the bond ladder (bonds bought in Year 0 with bridge grants, timed to mature when the money is needed). The two Lighthouses (the first two pilot centres, Chinatown Complex and Geylang Serai) alone are the downside mode (§7.8, Downside Mode & Sunset Economics); five is the most the plan opens before the gate (§6.5, Gate Criteria to Scale). g4-stacks.csv

G.4 The Funding Ledgers: table 2
YearNet requirementEndowment drawGovernment matchGifts for spendingFoundations or bond ladderUnfunded
Two Lighthouses (downside mode)
Year 0$906,598––$193,000$713,598–
Year 1$4,402,286$420,000$300,000$300,000$3,382,286–
Year 2$5,290,669$1,051,917$400,000$400,000$3,440,669–
Year 3$5,624,989$1,406,719$500,000$500,000$3,224,989–
Years 0–3$16,224,542bridge grants in Year 0 $9,643,366; major gifts $5.74M; corpus in Year 20 158% of the $40M in today's dollars; short over Years 4–20 nothing
Three pilot centres (the plan)
Year 0$906,598––$193,000$713,598–
Year 1$4,629,249$420,000$300,000$300,000$3,609,249–
Year 2$6,706,257$1,051,917$400,000$400,000$4,856,257–
Year 3$7,441,704$1,406,719$500,000$500,000$5,041,704–
Years 0–3$19,683,808bridge grants in Year 0 $12,930,522; major gifts $5.74M; corpus in Year 20 121% of the $40M in today's dollars; short over Years 4–20 nothing
Four: with Old Airport Road
Year 0$906,598––$193,000$713,598–
Year 1$4,903,765$420,000$300,000$300,000$3,883,765–
Year 2$8,733,099$1,051,917$400,000$400,000$6,883,099–
Year 3$10,727,123$1,406,719$500,000$500,000$8,327,123–
Years 0–3$25,270,585bridge grants in Year 0 $18,230,550; major gifts $5.74M; corpus in Year 20 86% of the $40M in today's dollars; short over Years 4–20 $9.43M
Five: with Maxwell
Year 0$906,598––$193,000$713,598–
Year 1$5,117,011$420,000$300,000$300,000$4,097,011–
Year 2$10,369,424$1,051,917$400,000$400,000$8,519,424–
Year 3$13,290,492$1,406,719$500,000$500,000$10,890,492–
Years 0–3$29,683,525bridge grants in Year 0 $22,417,545; major gifts $5.74M; corpus in Year 20 86% of the $40M in today's dollars; short over Years 4–20 $23.34M

G.4.3Chinatown Complex

226 cooked-food stallsOfficial · planning count 27Derived · opens in Year 1 · a Lighthouse · managed by Jalan Besar Town Council

G.4 The Funding Ledgers: table 3
LineYear 0Year 1Year 2Year 3Years 0–3
Programme (B), gross
Master Fellowships–$726,000$816,750$907,500$2,450,250
Apprentice stipends–$810,944$947,700$1,053,000$2,811,644
Graduate Landing Packages––$160,000$160,000$320,000
Documentation programme and field equipment$35,000$174,000$162,000$180,000$551,000
Relief-Hawker Corps–$261,295$397,397$397,397$1,056,089
Second-station grants–$24,000$27,000$30,000$81,000
Partner-kitchen sessions–$7,200$7,200$7,200$21,600
Group critical-illness pool, stallholders 55+$99,000$99,000$99,000$99,000$396,000
First-loss reserve and succession escrow–$120,000$135,000$150,000$405,000
Listening and co-design (honoraria, sessions, participant fees)$112,450–––$112,450
Operating it adds (A), gross
Centre staff–$78,000$78,000$78,000$234,000
Buying Circles: circle leads' honoraria–$9,600$9,600$9,600$28,800
Stall baseline: a two-week till count by dish type (interviewers, tally sheets, data assistant)$50,420–––$50,420
Programme revenue (deducted)–$80,000$130,500$250,000$460,500
A, with the 10% contingency$55,462$96,360$96,360$96,360$344,542
B, with the contingency, less revenue$271,095$2,364,683$2,896,752$3,032,507$8,565,037
A + B$326,557$2,461,043$2,993,112$3,128,867$8,909,579

G.4.4Geylang Serai Market and Food Centre

63 cooked-food stallsOfficial · planning count 8Derived · opens in Year 1 · a Lighthouse · managed by NEA

G.4 The Funding Ledgers: table 4
LineYear 0Year 1Year 2Year 3Years 0–3
Programme (B), gross
Master Fellowships–$181,500$272,250$272,250$726,000
Apprentice stipends–$202,736$315,900$315,900$834,536
Graduate Landing Packages––$40,000$60,000$100,000
Documentation programme and field equipment$35,000$66,000$54,000$54,000$209,000
Relief-Hawker Corps–$99,012$133,234$133,234$365,480
Second-station grants–$6,000$9,000$9,000$24,000
Partner-kitchen sessions–$7,200$7,200$7,200$21,600
Group critical-illness pool, stallholders 55+$27,750$27,750$27,750$27,750$111,000
First-loss reserve and succession escrow–$30,000$45,000$45,000$120,000
Listening and co-design (honoraria, sessions, participant fees)$81,850–––$81,850
Operating it adds (A), gross
Centre staff$39,000$117,000$117,000$117,000$390,000
Independent evaluator (baseline, then fieldwork)$30,000$25,000$25,000$25,000$105,000
Taste Council tastings–$15,000$15,000$15,000$45,000
Community events–$10,000$10,000$10,000$30,000
Buying Circles: circle leads' honoraria–$4,800$4,800$4,800$14,400
Stall baseline: a two-week till count by dish type (interviewers, tally sheets, data assistant)$14,710–––$14,710
Programme revenue (deducted)–$20,000$43,500$75,000$138,500
A, with the 10% contingency$92,081$188,980$188,980$188,980$659,021
B, with the contingency, less revenue$159,060$662,218$951,267$941,767$2,714,312
A + B$251,141$851,198$1,140,247$1,130,747$3,373,333

G.4.5Tekka Centre

119 cooked-food stallsOfficial · planning count 9Derived · opens in Year 2 · a pilot centre · managed by Tanjong Pagar Town Council

G.4 The Funding Ledgers: table 5
LineYear 0Year 1Year 2Year 3Years 0–3
Programme (B), gross
Master Fellowships––$363,000$453,750$816,750
Apprentice stipends––$421,200$526,500$947,700
Graduate Landing Packages–––$100,000$100,000
Documentation programme and field equipment––$72,000$90,000$162,000
Relief-Hawker Corps––$164,312$226,468$390,780
Second-station grants––$12,000$15,000$27,000
Partner-kitchen sessions––$7,200$7,200$14,400
Group critical-illness pool, stallholders 55+–$51,750$51,750$51,750$155,250
First-loss reserve and succession escrow––$60,000$75,000$135,000
Listening and co-design (honoraria, sessions, participant fees)–$57,350––$57,350
Operating it adds (A), gross
Centre staff–$39,000$117,000$117,000$273,000
Independent evaluator (baseline, then fieldwork)–$30,000$25,000$25,000$80,000
Taste Council tastings––$15,000$15,000$30,000
Community events––$10,000$10,000$20,000
Buying Circles: circle leads' honoraria––$4,800$4,800$9,600
Stall baseline: a two-week till count by dish type (interviewers, tally sheets, data assistant)–$28,230––$28,230
Programme revenue (deducted)––$40,000$72,500$112,500
A, with the 10% contingency–$106,953$188,980$188,980$484,913
B, with the contingency, less revenue–$120,010$1,226,608$1,627,735$2,974,353
A + B–$226,963$1,415,588$1,816,715$3,459,266

G.4.6Old Airport Road Food Centre (Blk 51)

168 cooked-food stallsOfficial · planning count 16Derived · opens in Year 2 · an add-on · managed by Marine Parade–Braddell Heights Town Council

G.4 The Funding Ledgers: table 6
LineYear 0Year 1Year 2Year 3Years 0–3
Programme (B), gross
Master Fellowships––$544,500$907,500$1,452,000
Apprentice stipends––$631,800$1,053,000$1,684,800
Graduate Landing Packages–––$200,000$200,000
Documentation programme and field equipment––$108,000$180,000$288,000
Relief-Hawker Corps––$210,929$304,163$515,092
Second-station grants––$18,000$30,000$48,000
Partner-kitchen sessions––$7,200$7,200$14,400
Group critical-illness pool, stallholders 55+–$73,500$73,500$73,500$220,500
First-loss reserve and succession escrow––$90,000$150,000$240,000
Listening and co-design (honoraria, sessions, participant fees)–$66,500––$66,500
Operating it adds (A), gross
Centre staff–$39,000$156,000$156,000$351,000
Independent evaluator (baseline, then fieldwork)–$30,000$25,000$25,000$80,000
Taste Council tastings––$15,000$15,000$30,000
Community events––$10,000$10,000$20,000
Buying Circles: circle leads' honoraria––$7,200$7,200$14,400
Stall baseline: a two-week till count by dish type (interviewers, tally sheets, data assistant)–$40,560––$40,560
Programme revenue (deducted)––$60,000$145,000$205,000
A, with the 10% contingency–$120,516$234,520$234,520$589,556
B, with the contingency, less revenue–$154,000$1,792,322$3,050,899$4,997,221
A + B–$274,516$2,026,842$3,285,419$5,586,777

G.4.7Maxwell Food Centre

103 cooked-food stallsOfficial · planning count 13Derived · opens in Year 2 · an add-on · managed by NEA

G.4 The Funding Ledgers: table 7
LineYear 0Year 1Year 2Year 3Years 0–3
Programme (B), gross
Master Fellowships––$453,750$726,000$1,179,750
Apprentice stipends––$526,500$842,400$1,368,900
Graduate Landing Packages–––$160,000$160,000
Documentation programme and field equipment––$90,000$144,000$234,000
Relief-Hawker Corps––$148,773$195,390$344,163
Second-station grants––$15,000$24,000$39,000
Partner-kitchen sessions––$7,200$7,200$14,400
Group critical-illness pool, stallholders 55+–$45,000$45,000$45,000$135,000
First-loss reserve and succession escrow––$75,000$120,000$195,000
Listening and co-design (honoraria, sessions, participant fees)–$54,350––$54,350
Operating it adds (A), gross
Centre staff–$39,000$117,000$117,000$273,000
Independent evaluator (baseline, then fieldwork)–$30,000$25,000$25,000$80,000
Taste Council tastings––$15,000$15,000$30,000
Community events––$10,000$10,000$20,000
Buying Circles: circle leads' honoraria––$4,800$4,800$9,600
Stall baseline: a two-week till count by dish type (interviewers, tally sheets, data assistant)–$25,510––$25,510
Programme revenue (deducted)––$50,000$116,000$166,000
A, with the 10% contingency–$103,961$188,980$188,980$481,921
B, with the contingency, less revenue–$109,285$1,447,345$2,374,389$3,931,019
A + B–$213,246$1,636,325$2,563,369$4,412,940

G.4.8Years 4 to 20, by centre

Each centre's two parts together, and the national core, in each year's money. g4-ledgers.csv

G.4 The Funding Ledgers: table 8
YearPricesCore (A)Chinatown ComplexGeylang SeraiTekkaOld Airport RoadMaxwell
41.061$1,385,856$1,405,858$635,631$766,523$1,157,485$724,288
51.077$1,406,643$1,426,946$645,165$778,021$1,174,847$735,152
61.093$1,427,743$1,448,350$654,842$789,691$1,192,470$746,179
71.110$1,449,159$1,470,076$664,665$801,536$1,210,357$757,372
81.126$1,470,897$1,492,127$674,635$813,559$1,228,512$768,733
91.143$1,492,960$1,514,509$684,755$825,763$1,246,940$780,264
101.161$1,515,354$1,537,226$695,026$838,149$1,265,644$791,968
111.178$1,538,085$1,560,285$705,451$850,722$1,284,628$803,847
121.196$1,561,156$1,583,689$716,033$863,482$1,303,898$815,905
131.214$1,584,573$1,607,444$726,774$876,435$1,323,456$828,143
141.232$1,608,342$1,631,556$737,675$889,581$1,343,308$840,566
151.250$1,632,467$1,656,029$748,740$902,925$1,363,458$853,174
161.269$1,656,954$1,680,870$759,971$916,469$1,383,910$865,972
171.288$1,681,808$1,706,083$771,371$930,216$1,404,668$878,961
181.307$1,707,036$1,731,674$782,942$944,169$1,425,738$892,146
191.327$1,732,641$1,757,649$794,686$958,332$1,447,124$905,528
201.347$1,758,631$1,784,014$806,606$972,707$1,468,831$919,111

G.4.9The central plan, every row

What comes in, in $M of each year's money, from plan() at the central assumptions and expected returns, then where it goes. "Public" counts the anchor, the match, the operating match, tax forgone and NHB's half of the Year 0 grants. g4-plan.csv

G.4 The Funding Ledgers: table 9
YrAnchorMatchPartners, cashPartners, rebatesDinersTill dollarOther firmsMajor giftsFoundationsBridge grantsGifts for spendingGovt ops matchHeritage Plate
07.502.25–––––2.250.7112.930.19––
17.505.250.530.101.790.642.000.30––0.300.30–
2–2.500.530.100.491.282.003.19––0.400.40–
3––0.540.100.501.600.50–––0.500.500.060
4––0.550.110.511.600.53––––0.500.34
5––0.560.110.511.600.54––––0.500.96
6––0.340.0650.521.600.55––––0.501.80
7––0.350.0660.531.600.55––––0.502.00
8––0.350.0670.541.600.56––––0.502.00
9––0.360.0680.551.600.57––––0.502.00
10––0.360.0690.551.600.58––––0.502.00
11––0.220.0420.561.600.59––––0.502.00
12––0.220.0430.571.600.60––––0.502.00
13––0.230.0430.581.600.61––––0.502.00
14––0.230.0440.591.600.62––––0.502.00
15––0.230.0450.601.600.63––––0.502.00
16––0.140.0270.611.600.63––––0.502.00
17––0.140.0280.611.600.64––––0.502.00
18––0.150.0280.621.600.65––––0.502.00
19––0.150.0290.631.600.66––––0.502.00
20––0.150.0290.641.600.67––––0.502.00
G.4 The Funding Ledgers: table 10
YrDrawLadderSpend ASpend BGifts spentUnfundedTo corpusReturnCorpusCorpus, realTax forgonePublicPrivate
0––0.480.43––12.00–12.0011.821.2911.4015.73
10.423.611.483.15––18.000.4730.0529.171.4514.505.65
21.054.861.635.07––10.001.1940.1938.442.985.888.00
31.415.041.845.60––3.151.5943.5341.010.511.013.76
41.52–1.872.332.17–1.091.7244.8141.600.531.033.36
51.50–1.902.362.26–1.151.7846.2442.280.541.043.51
61.57–1.922.402.25–1.121.8347.6142.900.440.943.43
71.62–1.952.432.27–1.161.8949.0443.540.450.953.50
81.67–1.982.472.28–1.171.9450.4944.160.460.963.52
91.72–2.012.512.30–1.172.0051.9444.760.460.963.54
101.77–2.042.542.32–1.182.0653.4145.340.470.973.56
111.82–2.072.582.34–1.032.1254.7445.780.410.913.41
121.87–2.102.622.36–1.032.1756.0746.210.420.923.43
131.92–2.142.662.38–1.032.2257.4146.610.420.923.46
141.96–2.172.702.40–1.032.2758.7546.990.430.933.48
152.01–2.202.742.43–1.022.3360.0947.350.440.943.50
162.06–2.232.782.46–0.922.3861.3447.620.400.903.41
172.10–2.272.822.49–0.922.4362.5847.870.400.903.43
182.15–2.302.872.52–0.902.4863.8248.090.410.913.45
192.19–2.332.912.55–0.892.5365.0448.290.420.923.47
202.23–2.372.952.59–0.882.5866.2648.470.420.923.50

G.4.10The endowment's paths

Four paths, each run on expected returns and then through the same 5,000 futures as B.9.3, Five thousand futures. The base keeps its real value in 71% of futures. The stretch, five centres, in 32%. Earmarking (set aside for one use) half of the surplus gifts for the retirement match, in 54%. Fellowships from Year 4 at 20% of the planning count rather than 10%, in 47%. The base row reproduces B.9.3 exactly, which the build checks. g4-endowment-paths.csv

G.4 The Funding Ledgers: table 11
Path: corpus in today's dollars, $MY0Y2Y4Y6Y8Y10Y12Y14Y16Y18Y20Keeps real valueY20, P10–P90
Base: three centres, as planned11.838.441.642.944.245.346.247.047.648.148.571%70%–222%
Stretch: five centres, the most before the gate11.838.440.639.839.038.237.536.736.035.234.532%55%–135%
Half-surplus: half the surplus gifts earmarked for the match11.838.441.141.341.541.641.641.441.240.940.554%63%–162%
20% maintenance: Fellowships from Year 4 at 20% of the planning count11.838.440.740.239.538.737.937.236.435.735.047%58%–171%
The corpus in today's dollars on four pathsCENTRAL ASSUMPTIONS, EXPECTED RETURNS · LABELS: YEAR 20 CORPUS AND THE SHARE OF 5,000 FUTURES THAT KEEP ITS REAL VALUE$0M$10M$20M$30M$40M$50MY0Y2Y4Y6Y8Y10Y12Y14Y16Y18Y20$40M TARGETBase $48.5M · 71%Half-surplus $40.5M · 54%20% maintenance $35.0M · 47%Stretch $34.5M · 32%
FIGURE G.4 · THE CORPUS IN TODAY'S DOLLARS ON FOUR PATHS, YEARS 0–20 · EXPECTED RETURNS · THE SHARE IS OF 5,000 FUTURES THAT KEEP THE CORPUS'S REAL VALUE TO YEAR 20

The maintenance rate is the dial to watch, and the model's own test of it runs from 10% to 40%. g4-maintenance.csv

G.4 The Funding Ledgers: table 12
Maintenance rateFellowships a yearCost from Year 4Short, Y4–10Short, Y4–20Corpus Y20
10%5$4.13M––121%
20%9$5.07M$0.06M$5.85M87%
30%13$6.06M$6.94M$24.82M86%
40%18$7.28M$15.99M$48.55M86%

G.4.11When licensees fail

Nigel Chua's study of six hawker brands found that most licensed or acquired expansions shrank or closed (IPS, June 2024). The plan therefore assumes a third of Heritage Plate licensees fail each year, and tests none and half. The scenarios also earmark half of any surplus gifts for the match, as B.9.5, The retirement match: what giving could cover's central case does. g4-chua.csv

G.4 The Funding Ledgers: table 13
Licensees failing a yearLicences Y4Y5Y7 onBase coveredStretch coveredBase shortCorpus Y20
None fail$0.51M$1.44M$3.00M54%28%$11.24M105%
A third fail (central)$0.34M$0.96M$2.00M40%21%$14.73M101%
Half fail$0.26M$0.72M$1.50M33%17%$16.47M99%

This is a working paper for public discussion. Every number in it is an invitation to improve it. Corrections and better data are welcome.